The integration of digital corpus data with the lexicographic infrastructure has been an important goal and plays an important role in all these efforts.ĦThe ICLTT as an institution has grown out of several projects. To ensure that NLP tools available at the institute would work with all the data, a uniform encoding system for all projects was needed. The lexicographic data produced in these projects are designed to serve a variety of purposes for both linguistic research and lexicography. The ICLTT’s DictionariesĥThe Institute for Corpus Linguistics and Text Technology (ICLTT) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences has been conducting a number of lexicographic projects, including both digitizing print dictionaries and creating born-digital lexicographic data. Furthermore, dictionary makers have shifted from traditional methods such as introspection and interviews of competent speakers towards more empirical methods based on lexicographic research using increasingly sophisticated digital resources such as corpora (large digital text collections that reflect real-world language usage). Information and communication technology has become pervasive in all stages of the modern dictionary creation process: both data acquisition and representation of lexical knowledge rely heavily on this technology. Today, digital technology is not only used to produce print dictionaries rather, many dictionaries exist solely in digital form. 2 The first large-scale Chinese dictionary from this time period, the Kangxi zidian, dates from 1716 (Wilkinson 2000, 64).ĤThe latest step in this long history is being constituted by the transition towards digital methods. Jean Nicot’s Trésor de la langue Française was printed in 1606, Agnolo Monosini’s Vocabulario della lingua italiana appeared in 1612, Johann Christoph Adelung’s Grammatisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der Hochdeutschen Mundart followed in 1781, and Samuel Johnson finished his Dictionary of the English Language in 1755. Some outstanding works emerged in the 17 th and 18 th centuries. 2 While none of these works can be regarded as an absolute first, they can all be seen as important m (.)ģAlthough the creation of modern dictionaries is considered to have begun in Europe with the rise of national languages, there is no clearly discernible demarcation line between pre-modern and modern dictionary production.This is important as the section is small and just newly set up. This reflects the structure of the section and shows clearly that we have optimized foci and little fragmentation. Notably the classical scientific output (96 ISI papers) is mainly in Topic 2 relating to coastal research in PACES and that this output is evenly distributed between the AWI related Workpackages 1 through 4. The table underneath shows the distribution of papers related to the different Topics and Workpackages/Topics.Īll the Stakeholder interactive scientific contributions to Topic 4 are given in the sections above. We provide scientific and stakeholder expertise on Wadden Sea, North Sea and polar coastal interfaces. We investigate the structure and function of coastal systems in terms of changing environmental conditions. The expertise from the scientific research feeds directly into the stakeholder oriented part of the section. We currently have identified three major collaborative areas of expertise within the section:
Habitat change and long term ecosystem shifts.The evolution and adaptation of organisms in changing intertidal environments.The structure and function of the Wadden Sea and comparable areas.To maximize interactive networking three scientific topics are pivotal to the section (see Figure 2): The current set up of the Coastal Ecology Section exists since 2015. 2: Section Structure showing section research emphases 1-3, networked topics (center triangle) and the collaboration with stakeholders in green. Technology Transfer - From Research to commercial Applicationįig. Technology Transfer - Offers to the private sector The effect of deformation mechanisms for ice sheet dynamics Six questions we always wanted to ask a climate modeler Oceanographic measurements at the 79°North Glacier Taking a stroll through the underwater woods Research at the furthest reaches of civilization TanDEM-X satellite image - Changes in permafrost landscapes "Ocean acidification is the evil little brother of global warming" Ocean acidification – The evil twin of climate warming
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